Avoiding "COVID Blindness": Advocating Cognitive Bias Teaching in the Context of COVID-19.

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Factors associated with medication interruption among outpatients with severe mental illness exposed to COVID-19.

Many patients with severe mental illness (SMI) relapsed and deteriorated during the COVID-19 pandemic, as they experienced medication interruption. This study aimed to investigate factors affecting medication interruption in patients with SMI during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 2,077 patients with SMI participated in an online survey on medication interruption during the COVID-19 outbreak. The questionnaire comprised six parts: basic demographic information, COVID-19 exposure, state of disease, medication compliance before COVID-19, medication interruption during COVID-19, and the specific impact and needs. A total of 2,017 valid questionnaires were collected. Nearly 50% of patients with SMI have been affected to varying degrees of life expectancy and treatment. Among them, 74 patients stopped taking medicines for more than 14 days without a prescription. Logistic regression analysis showed that cohabitant exposure [OR = 26.629; 95% CI (3.293-215.323), p = 0.002], medication partial compliance and non-compliance pre-COVID-19 [OR = 11.109; 95% CI (6.093-20.251), p < 0.001; OR = 20.115; 95% CI (10.490-38.571), p < 0.001], and disease status [OR = 0.326; 95% CI (0.188-0.564), p < 0.001] were related to medication interruption. More than 50% of the patients wanted help in taking medications, follow-up, and receiving more financial support and protective materials. We found that the daily lives of patients with SMI were much more susceptible to impact during the pandemic. Patients with a history of partial or non-medication compliance before COVID-19 and an unstable disease state are more easily affected by pandemics and epidemics and need extra attention should similar large-scale outbreaks occur in the future.

Should Medical Students Be Overprotected? A Survey from China and Review About the Roles of Medical Student Under the COVID-19.

Objective: The impact of COVID-19 continues to this day, there are many disputes about how medical students should be managed and diverse arrangements were adopted by medical schools around all over the world. The purpose of this study was to discuss the risks and benefits of medical student participation in healthcare in the context of COVID-19. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was distributed to 300 Medical students undergoing standardized training program (STP) in China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University. The survey included questions about basic demographic characteristics, roles and mental state of interns during the pandemic, comments on the University's management of medical students. Data were processed using SPSS 25.0 statistical analysis software, the comparison between two groups of data was performed using t-test; the non-normally distributed variables were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-test, differences between groups were compared using chi-square test for analysis. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 191 students completed the survey (response rate 63.67%). The epidemic had a significant psychological impact on students, but most of them believed that participation in clinical work under voluntary, precise protective measures and strict supervision were benefit for their future. Older, married, female, and salaried students are more willing to engage in pandemic-related activities. The biggest challenge of working under the pandemic focused on high working pressure and insufficient protection, the biggest harvest was getting knowledge and accumulating experience. Conclusion: Circumstances, cultures, outbreaks and strategies for coping with COVID-19 varied around the world. Medical students do not need to be overprotected, participation in pandemic work in an optimized system is acceptable and beneficial to their career plan. Medical education should focus on improving the social status of infectious diseases and cultivating future doctors with awareness of epidemic prevention and control.

SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 impairs cilia by enhancing CUL2ZYG11B activity.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causal pathogen of the ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Loss of smell and taste are symptoms of COVID-19, and may be related to cilia dysfunction. Here, we found that the SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 increases the overall E3 ligase activity of the CUL2ZYG11B complex by interacting with ZYG11B. Enhanced CUL2ZYG11B activity by ORF10 causes increased ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation of an intraflagellar transport (IFT) complex B protein, IFT46, thereby impairing both cilia biogenesis and maintenance. Further, we show that exposure of the respiratory tract of hACE2 mice to SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 alone results in cilia-dysfunction-related phenotypes, and the ORF10 expression in primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) also caused a rapid loss of the ciliary layer. Our study demonstrates how SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 hijacks CUL2ZYG11B to eliminate IFT46 and leads to cilia dysfunction, thereby offering a powerful etiopathological explanation for how SARS-CoV-2 causes multiple cilia-dysfunction-related symptoms specific to COVID-19.